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From articles published since 2023.

Review articles
Do we need Moodle in medical education? A review of its impact and utility
Seri Jeong, Hyunyong Hwang
Kosin Med J. 2023;38(3):159-168.   Published online September 22, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.23.139
  • 8,303 View
  • 171 Download
  • 6 Citations
Abstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Various learning management systems (LMSs) are available to facilitate the development, management, and distribution of digital resources for both face-to-face and online instruction. In recent decades, these methods have shown potential for greater efficiency compared to traditional "chalk and talk" approaches. Additionally, they have paved the way for the establishment of ubiquitous learning environments, marking a new era in education. In a trend accelerated by the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, LMSs have been increasingly adopted to overcome the restrictions inherent to in-person education. In medical education, LMSs such as Moodle, Canvas, Blackboard Learn, and others have been introduced and used to support teaching, learning, and assessment activities. Of these, Moodle stands out as the most popular choice for many medical schools and institutions, primarily due to its flexibility, functionality, and user-friendliness. The learning environment is gradually transforming from traditional in-person teaching to a hybrid educational approach, driven by the need to fulfill diverse educational demands. Numerous research studies have examined the usability of Moodle in medical education, demonstrating its effectiveness in addressing challenges related to adaptive personalized learning, collaborative learning, blended learning, and more. Consequently, Moodle has emerged as a valuable solution for medical educators seeking a versatile and robust platform to enhance their teaching methodologies. The present review focuses on the practical utilization of Moodle in medical education and the advantages it offers to this field.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Technology-Enabled Institutional Readiness for Agile-Blended Learning: A Framework for Educational Innovation
    Jessie Ming Sin Wong, Kam Cheong Li
    SN Computer Science.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Development of an LMS-based e-literacy management model for managing the junior high school literacy movement
    Oliva Ike Kurniawati
    Primary: Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar.2025; 14(1): 71.     CrossRef
  • Exploring the Opportunities and Challenges of Healthcare Innovation in UK Higher Education: A Narrative Review
    Renske Emicke, Ashley Shepherd, Dylan Powell
    Nursing Reports.2025; 15(5): 171.     CrossRef
  • Exploring structural equations modelling on the use of modified UTAUT model for evaluating online learning
    Stephen Gbenga Fashoto, Yinusa Akintoye Faremi, Elliot Mbunge, Olumide Owolabi
    Educational Technology Quarterly.2024; 2024(3): 319.     CrossRef
  • Looking Back on Digital Medical Education Over the Last 25 Years and Looking to the Future: Narrative Review
    Oluwadamilola Ogundiya, Thahmina Jasmine Rahman, Ioan Valnarov-Boulter, Tim Michael Young
    Journal of Medical Internet Research.2024; 26: e60312.     CrossRef
  • The effectiveness of Moodle's “Lesson” feature in pre-learning about arterial puncture and blood transfusion procedures
    Haeyoung Lee, Sang-Shin Lee, Hyunyong Hwang
    Kosin Medical Journal.2023; 38(4): 278.     CrossRef
Faculty development: the need to ensure educational excellence and health care quality
Hyekyung Shin, Min-Jeong Kim
Kosin Med J. 2023;38(1):4-11.   Published online March 27, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.23.109
  • 6,890 View
  • 212 Download
  • 3 Citations
Abstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
The definition of faculty development has been refined and expanded over the past few decades, and various definitions have been used in higher education. Initially, faculty development was defined as activities that help teachers improve teaching skills, design better curricula, and improve the organizational environment for education. Since then, as the focus of faculty development has shifted from individual professors to institutional needs, faculty development is now defined as the personal and professional development of professors, clinicians, researchers, and managers to meet institutional goals, visions, and missions in social terms and moral responsibility to the community. Faculty development in medical education is universally needed to recognize and cope with widespread changes in education, including the traditional role of professors, advances in pedagogical theory, changes in learning styles, innovative curriculum models, and evaluation philosophy. However, critics have pointed out that most universities could not actively implement faculty development or accept professors’ various demands. In this paper, various reports related to faculty development are reviewed to summarize how faculty development has progressed and present future directions for accepting various opinions to improve educational excellence and the quality of health care.

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  • Role of a Teacher in Medical Education: A Faculty’s Perspective from HBS
    Amara Hayat Awan, Sarah Ali, Uzma Siddique, Roma Salman, Yasir Khan, Hassan Ayub
    Pakistan Journal of Health Sciences.2025; : 153.     CrossRef
  • Needs and gaps of faculty development for medical schools
    Ji Hyun Im, Wha Sun Kang, Seung Hee Lee, Dae Chul Jeong, Dae Hyun Kim, Man-Sup Lim, Miran Kim, Ji-Hyun Seo, Dong Hyeon Lee
    Korean Journal of Medical Education.2024; 36(2): 189.     CrossRef
  • Current status and challenges of faculty development in Korean medical education and strategies for advancement
    Dong Hyeon Lee
    Korean Journal of Medical Education.2024; 36(4): 415.     CrossRef
The ethics of using artificial intelligence in medical research
Shinae Yu, Sang-Shin Lee, Hyunyong Hwang
Kosin Med J. 2024;39(4):229-237.   Published online December 6, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.24.140
  • 33,212 View
  • 343 Download
  • 2 Citations
Abstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies into medical research introduces significant ethical challenges that necessitate the strengthening of ethical frameworks. This review highlights the issues of privacy, bias, accountability, informed consent, and regulatory compliance as central concerns. AI systems, particularly in medical research, may compromise patient data privacy, perpetuate biases if they are trained on nondiverse datasets, and obscure accountability owing to their “black box” nature. Furthermore, the complexity of the role of AI may affect patients’ informed consent, as they may not fully grasp the extent of AI involvement in their care. Compliance with regulations such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act and General Data Protection Regulation is essential, as they address liability in cases of AI errors. This review advocates a balanced approach to AI autonomy in clinical decisions, the rigorous validation of AI systems, ongoing monitoring, and robust data governance. Engaging diverse stakeholders is crucial for aligning AI development with ethical norms and addressing practical clinical needs. Ultimately, the proactive management of AI’s ethical implications is vital to ensure that its integration into healthcare improves patient outcomes without compromising ethical integrity.

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  • Integrating Artificial Intelligence in Orthopedic Care: Advancements in Bone Care and Future Directions
    Rahul Kumar, Kyle Sporn, Joshua Ong, Ethan Waisberg, Phani Paladugu, Swapna Vaja, Tamer Hage, Tejas C. Sekhar, Amar S. Vadhera, Alex Ngo, Nasif Zaman, Alireza Tavakkoli, Mouayad Masalkhi
    Bioengineering.2025; 12(5): 513.     CrossRef
  • Current Bioinformatics Tools in Precision Oncology
    Tesfaye Wolde, Vipul Bhardwaj, Vijay Pandey
    MedComm.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
Fat embolism syndrome: a review in cosmetic surgery
Hongil Kim, Bommie Florence Seo, Gregory Randolph Dean Evans
Kosin Med J. 2024;39(3):169-178.   Published online September 25, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.24.126
  • 4,910 View
  • 80 Download
  • 2 Citations
Abstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
The growing popularity of cosmetic procedures such as liposuction and fat grafting has been accompanied by a rise in associated side effects. Among these, fat embolism syndrome stands out as a potential complication that sometimes has critical consequences. It is important to recognize that fat embolism affects organs through distinct mechanisms from those involved with other types of embolisms. Early diagnosis is crucial. Unfortunately, no effective treatments have been established for this condition. Therefore, starting with a more detailed categorization of diagnoses, developing new treatment methods for each subtype is essential.

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  • Safety and Efficacy of Subcutaneous Buttock Augmentation in Indian Population: A Retrospective Analysis
    Rajat Gupta, Priya Bansal, Gautam Chaudhury, Nandini Singh Tanwar
    Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The Relationship Between Non-Traumatic Fat Embolism and Fat Embolism Syndrome (FES) in Patients with Cancer
    Beáta Ágnes Borsay, Barbara Dóra Halasi, Zoltán Hendrik, Róbert Kristóf Róbert, Katalin Károlyi, Teodóra Tóth, Péter Attila Gergely
    Diseases.2025; 13(6): 174.     CrossRef
Surgical management of recurrent laryngeal nerve invasion by papillary thyroid carcinoma
Jae Hong Park, Hyoung Shin Lee
Kosin Med J. 2024;39(2):94-98.   Published online June 18, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.24.117
  • 3,173 View
  • 42 Download
  • 2 Citations
Abstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Preservation of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) is a priority for surgeons during thyroidectomy in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). RLN invasion by PTC in a patient presenting with preoperative vocal fold paralysis may require resection of the nerve with the tumor. However, the decision should be made regarding whether to preserve or sacrifice a functioning RLN invaded by PTC. Under certain conditions, preservation of the nerve with incomplete tumor resection could be considered. An RLN that has been resected due to PTC invasion may be managed by various reinnervation techniques to improve vocal outcomes. This article reviews clinical considerations and rationales for surgical decisions related to patients with PTC invasion of the RLN.

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  • Management of Voice after Thyroidectomy
    Hyoung Shin Lee
    International Journal of Thyroidology.2025; 18(1): 1.     CrossRef
  • Options to enhance voice quality during and after thyroidectomy
    Hyoung Shin Lee
    Korean Intraoperative Neuromonitoring Society.2024; 4(2): 141.     CrossRef
Gastric cancer and metabolic syndrome
Hyeong Ho Jo
Kosin Med J. 2024;39(1):26-34.   Published online March 22, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.24.108
  • 2,800 View
  • 39 Download
  • 2 Citations
Abstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Gastric cancer (GC), a prevalent disease in Asian countries, presents a substantial global health challenge. The risk factors for GC include Helicobacter pylori infection, diet, smoking, alcohol, and metabolic syndrome (MetS). This review meticulously examines the intricate connections between MetS and GC, focusing on visceral adipocytes, hormonal factors, obesity, and their impact on survival outcomes. Visceral adipocytes, which secrete inflammatory cytokines and hormones, play a pivotal role in influencing cancer development. Hormonal factors demonstrate nuanced associations with specific GC subtypes, underscoring the complexity of their impact. Large-scale studies exploring obesity-related factors reveal sex-specific nuances and underscore the importance of considering overall weight and body composition. Furthermore, the review explores the impact of eradication therapy for H. pylori infection, which is the most significant factor in the onset of GC, on the components of MetS. Additionally, the influence of MetS on postoperative outcomes and survival in GC patients highlights the interplay between therapeutic interventions and lifestyle factors. This comprehensive exploration sheds light on the multifaceted relationship between MetS and GC, providing valuable insights for future research and preventive strategies.

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  • Chemotherapy for Metastatic Gastric Cancer
    Sung Eun Kim, Moo In Park, Myung Hun Lee
    The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2025; 85(1): 1.     CrossRef
  • Therapeutic Potential of Anti‐Diabetes Drugs and Anti‐Dyslipidemia Drugs to Mitigate Head and Neck Cancer Risk in Metabolic Syndrome
    Sujung Yeom, Dong Hoon Lee, Juhyun Song
    CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
Original article
The COVID-19 pandemic's impact on prostate cancer screening and diagnosis in Korea
Byeong Jin Kang, Kyung Hwan Kim, Hong Koo Ha
Kosin Med J. 2023;38(3):193-200.   Published online August 16, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.23.116
  • 3,004 View
  • 23 Download
  • 2 Citations
Abstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Background
The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which started in early 2020, has had multiple impacts on cancer care. This study assessed how the COVID-19 pandemic influenced prostate cancer (PCa) screening and diagnosis in South Korea.
Methods
Patients who visited the outpatient clinic at a single institution for PCa evaluation were included in this study and divided into a pre-COVID-19 group and a COVID-19 pandemic group, based on the start of the COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing policies on March 1, 2020. The number of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) tests, patients with elevated PSA levels, and prostate biopsy results were analyzed.
Results
In total, 8,926 PSA tests were administered during the COVID-19 pandemic, compared to 15,654 before the pandemic (p<0.05). Of 2,132 patients with high PSA levels, 1,055 (49.5%) received prostate biopsies before the pandemic and 1,077 (50.5%) did so during the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic group had a higher detection rate of PC, and increased rates of Gleason scores (GS) 7 and 9–10, while the rate of GS 6 decreased compared to the pre-COVID-19 group (p<0.05). The rate of clinically significant PCa (csPCa) was also higher during the pandemic (p<0.05). In both magnetic resonance imaging-guided and standard biopsies, the GS 6 rate decreased, and the csPCa rate increased during the COVID-19 pandemic (each, p<0.05).
Conclusions
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the detection rate of prostate biopsies and the rate of csPCa increased significantly. Thus, PCa was diagnosed at a more advanced state in Korea during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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  • Immunohistochemical Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleoprotein and ACE2 Markers in Testicular Tumors Diagnosed During the COVID-19 Pandemic
    Mahi Balcı, Merva Aydemir Akkaya
    Clinical Medicine Insights: Oncology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The Incidence of Extreme Serum Prostate Specific Antigen Levels During the COVID-19 Pandemic
    Amanda E. Hird, Rano Matta, Refik Saskin, Erind Dvorani, Sarah Neu, Sender Herschorn, Robert K. Nam
    Clinical Genitourinary Cancer.2024; 22(5): 102194.     CrossRef
Review article
Revolutionizing gut health: exploring the role of gut microbiota and the potential of microbiome-based therapies in lower gastrointestinal diseases
Yong Eun Park, Jae Hyun Kim
Kosin Med J. 2023;38(2):98-106.   Published online June 23, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.23.115
  • 3,903 View
  • 71 Download
  • 2 Citations
Abstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
The gut microbiota comprises a collection of microorganisms residing in the human digestive system, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. These microbes have critical roles in food breakdown, immune system regulation, and the production of essential nutrients. Several lower gastrointestinal (GI) diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, and colorectal cancer, have been associated with dysbiosis, which refers to an imbalance in the gut microbiota. Additionally, the gut microbiome and its microbial compounds affect disease development and the host’s immune response. Alterations in the gut-brain axis microbiome are also implicated in lower GI diseases. Therefore, microbiome-based therapies that regulate the gut microbiota (e.g., fecal microbiota transplantation and probiotics) are essential for the prevention and treatment of these diseases. This review aims to highlight the significance of gut microbiota and microbiome-based therapies in managing lower GI diseases.

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  • Advances in research on the intestinal microbiota in the mechanism and prevention of colorectal cancer (Review)
    Weitong Sun, Shize Ma, Dongdong Meng, Chaoxing Wang, Jinbo Zhang
    Molecular Medicine Reports.2025; 31(5): 1.     CrossRef
  • From Food Supplements to Functional Foods: Emerging Perspectives on Post-Exercise Recovery Nutrition
    Lifeng Wang, Qing Meng, Chun-Hsien Su
    Nutrients.2024; 16(23): 4081.     CrossRef
Original article
Revascularization of immature retinas with retinopathy of prematurity using combination therapy of deferred laser treatment after a single intravitreal bevacizumab injection
Ju Seouk Lee, Ki Yup Nam, Ji Eun Lee, Joo Eun Lee, Sang Joon Lee
Kosin Med J. 2023;38(1):28-35.   Published online March 28, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.22.145
  • 2,760 View
  • 35 Download
  • 2 Citations
Abstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Background
This study aimed to observe the extent of retinal vascularization in patients with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) who underwent deferred laser treatment (LT) after a single intravitreal bevacizumab injection (IVB).
Methods
This study retrospectively evaluated 40 consecutive eyes in 21 infants who received a single IVB or LT. Deferred LT was performed in cases of ROP recurrence after a single IVB. To assess the amount of retinal vascularization between the initial IVB and deferred LT, the cases were divided into three groups based on treatment: single IVB, deferred LT after a single IVB, and prompt LT. The growth and associated complications were compared between groups.
Results
There were 12, 16, and 12 eyes in the single IVB, deferred LT, and prompt LT groups, respectively. Deferred LT was performed at an average of 7.9 weeks after a single IVB. In the single IVB group, retinal vascularization proceeded to zone III, whereas the prompt LT group did not show any growth of vascularization beyond the laser scars. In the deferred LT group, during the window period before LT, retinal vascularization progressed from zone I to zone II posterior and from zone II posterior to zone II anterior, respectively, without further ROP recurrence.
Conclusions
Retinal vascularization progressed during the deferred window period, thereby reducing the area of the retina ablated by LT. A single IVB followed by deferred LT can be an alternative treatment option to prevent ablation of zone I or multiple IVBs.

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  • Comparison of different agents and doses of anti-vascular endothelial growth factors (aflibercept, bevacizumab, conbercept, ranibizumab) versus laser for retinopathy of prematurity: A network meta-analysis
    Amparo Ortiz-Seller, Pablo Martorell, Honorio Barranco, Isabel Pascual-Camps, Esteban Morcillo, José L. Ortiz
    Survey of Ophthalmology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • What is the effect of deferred laser treatment on reactivated retinopathy of prematurity after anti-VEGF injection?
    Ji Hye Jang
    Kosin Medical Journal.2023; 38(1): 1.     CrossRef
Review article
Future directions of online learning environment design at medical schools: a transition towards a post-pandemic context
Sejin Kim
Kosin Med J. 2023;38(1):12-20.   Published online March 27, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.23.110
  • 2,821 View
  • 53 Download
  • 2 Citations
Abstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had an extremely large impact on methods of teaching and learning, and the need for online learning has grown enormously during the COVID-19 pandemic. Because most professors and students adjusted their mode of teaching and learning to this new context, online learning seemed to be going well. The problem is that distance learning was abruptly adopted as an alternative method of classroom instruction. To increase the effectiveness of online learning, more consideration is needed to explore future directions of creating learning environments. Therefore, this study suggests seven design guidelines for designing learning environments at medical schools based on a theoretical background and experiences from the pandemic. Constructivism and situated learning theory are introduced as the theoretical background for learning environment design, and the basic principles of learning environment design with the paradigm shift to learner-centered classrooms and experiences using EdTech, including HyFlex learning, flipped learning, learning management systems, and interactive learning tools, were used to develop the design guidelines. Each design guideline is strategically matched with the basic principles: learner-centeredness, real-world tasks and contexts, problem-solving, new roles of professors as facilitators or tutors, collaboration, and new perspectives of evaluation and assessment.

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  • Pembangunan sistem digital maya pemantauan akses pengajaran, pembelajaran dan pentaksiran bahasa Melayu sekolah menengah
    Norazlina Mohamad, Adenan Ayob
    Muallim Journal of Social Science and Humanities.2025; : 183.     CrossRef
  • Do we need Moodle in medical education? A review of its impact and utility
    Seri Jeong, Hyunyong Hwang
    Kosin Medical Journal.2023; 38(3): 159.     CrossRef
Original articles
The association between oral contraceptive use and the risk of metabolic syndrome in Korean women: a national population-based study
Hong Kyu Park, Taehong Kim
Kosin Med J. 2025;40(2):128-135.   Published online June 10, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.24.161
  • 261 View
  • 5 Download
  • 1 Citations
Abstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Background
This study aimed to evaluate the association between oral contraceptive (OC) use and the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in Korean women.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study including 11,084 Korean women between 2012 and 2020 based on nationally representative data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationships between OC use, MetS, and its components.
Results
In total, 11,084 women were included in the study, of whom 1,117 (10.1%) used OCs and 8.5% had MetS. The prevalence of MetS was higher in the OC users (11.5%) than in the non-OC users (8.1%) (p<0.001). The OC users had an increased risk of MetS (odds ratio [OR], 1.480; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.215‒1.802; p<0.001). Additionally, OC users had higher risks of abdominal obesity (OR, 1.319; 95% CI, 1.119‒1.555), hypertension (OR, 1.557; 95% CI, 1.302‒1.863), and hypertriglyceridemia (OR, 1.521; 95% CI, 1.287‒1.797).
Conclusions
The incidence of MetS was higher among OC users, with waist circumference, hypertension, and hypertriglyceridemia being significantly more prevalent components of MetS. These findings can provide valuable evidence to support the development of evidence-based health policies related to women’s health.

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  • Oral contraceptives: balancing intended use with metabolic syndrome risk
    Bukyung Kim
    Kosin Medical Journal.2025; 40(2): 85.     CrossRef
Did the COVID-19 pandemic impact the surgical treatment of febrile acute appendicitis at a single center in Korea, a country not under lockdown? Observational cohort study
Youngil Choi, Youngsik Kim
Kosin Med J. 2025;40(1):55-65.   Published online March 27, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.24.125
  • 679 View
  • 5 Download
  • 1 Citations
Abstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Background
This study analyzed the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on acute appendicitis (AA) treatment in Korea, a country that did not implement lockdown measures.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted during two discretionary time periods: a pre COVID-19 period, and a COVID-19 period. This study included adult and pediatric patients diagnosed with AA who underwent surgical treatment. Clinical and laboratory parameters, changes in surgery timing, disease severity, and postoperative outcomes were compared between the pre and post pandemic periods.
Results
The study included a total of 221 patients, with 139 receiving appendectomy in the COVID-19 cohort and 82 in the control cohort. In patients without fever, operative time was significantly longer during the COVID-19 period (p<0.01). Among patients presenting with fever, the rate of complicated AA was higher during the COVID-19 period than in the control period (p<0.01). During the COVID-19 period, the diagnostic and preoperative delay times, as well as postoperative hospital stays, were longer (p<0.05), and the incidence of postoperative complications and other hospital diagnoses was higher (p<0.01) during the COVID-19 period than in the control period. Multivariate analysis showed that age (p=0.03) and the presence of fever (p<0.01) were independent risk factors for complicated AA.
Conclusions
Older patients and those with fever were at greater risk of severe AA. During outbreaks of infectious diseases like COVID-19, careful consideration is needed regarding surgical interventions in older patients with fever. Understanding vulnerabilities is crucial for disease management in the future.

Citations

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  • Acute appendicitis surgery in the COVID-19 era: delays without deterioration of outcomes
    Sang-Yong Son
    Kosin Medical Journal.2025; 40(1): 1.     CrossRef
Stereopsis and clinical features of esotropia patients accompanied by congenital mild ptosis
Heeyoung Choi, Su-Jin Kim, Seung Ahn Yang, Kwang Eon Han
Kosin Med J. 2024;39(4):259-264.   Published online December 3, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.24.123
  • 1,046 View
  • 15 Download
  • 1 Citations
Abstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Background
To evaluate binocular function and clinical features in patients with esotropia (ET) accompanied by congenital ptosis.
Methods
Clinical records of 44 ET patients with congenital ptosis (ET-ptosis group) and 71 age-matched ET patients without ptosis (ET only group) who presented for eye examination between January 2016 and December 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), magnitude of esodeviation and stereopsis at the first visit were reviewed. Stereopsis and other clinical features of the two groups were compared.
Results
The mean (±standard deviation) age of overall patients was 5.7 (±1.9) years. The margin reflex distance 1 (MRD1) of patients with ptosis was greater than 0 but less than or equal to 2, indicating that mild ptosis was included. There was no significant difference in the distribution of age, sex, spherical equivalent refractive errors, BCVA, or magnitude of ET (at distance or near) between the two groups (all p>0.05). Furthermore, stereopsis and the number of patients with amblyopia did not differ significantly between the two groups. The magnitudes of esodeviation, near stereopsis and BCVA did not differ significantly between the 0Conclusions
In patients with ET and congenital mild ptosis, stereopsis and visual acuity were not different from those in ET only patients. The presence of coexisting mild ptosis might not have a further deleterious impact on binocular function in ET patients.

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  • Congenital mild ptosis might not influence visual function in esotropia patients
    Chang Zoo Kim
    Kosin Medical Journal.2024; 39(4): 227.     CrossRef
Review articles
Oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery: evolution, techniques, and the emerging role of acellular dermal matrix
Jun Ho Choi, Yoonsoo Kim
Kosin Med J. 2024;39(3):153-159.   Published online September 26, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.24.129
  • 2,102 View
  • 50 Download
  • 1 Citations
Abstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery (OBCS) has revolutionized breast cancer treatment, aiming to achieve optimal oncological outcomes while preserving an aesthetically favorable appearance. This review explores the evolution, techniques, and outcomes of OBCS, with a particular focus on the emerging role of acellular dermal matrix in volume replacement techniques. We conducted a comprehensive literature review using PubMed, Medline, and Cochrane databases, focusing on studies published between 2010 and 2024. OBCS demonstrates comparable oncological safety to traditional breast-conserving surgery, with local recurrence rates ranging from 2.7% to 5.7% at 5 years. Patient satisfaction rates are consistently high, with 85% to 95% reporting good to excellent aesthetic outcomes. Volume replacement techniques using acellular dermal matrix show promising results, with one study reporting that 94% of patients were highly satisfied with cosmetic outcomes. Although the current results are encouraging, future advancements in OBCS may require innovative approaches, including the integration of robotic surgery and artificial intelligence technologies.

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  • Trends and Perspectives in Oncoplastic Breast Surgery: Findings From a Web-Based Survey With the Korean Breast Cancer Society
    Jeeyeon Lee, Byeongju Kang, Ho Yong Park, Sang Yull Kang, Min Kyoon Kim, Hong-Kyu Kim, Sun Young Min, Min-Ki Seong, Tae-Kyung Robyn Yoo, Seokwon Lee, Eun-Shin Lee, Kyung-Hwak Yoon, Eun-Kyu Kim
    Journal of Breast Cancer.2025; 28(3): 171.     CrossRef
Current understanding of modulated electro-hyperthermia in cancer treatment
Sungmin Kim, Jesang Yu, Jihun Kang, Yunkyung Kim, Taek Yong Ko
Kosin Med J. 2024;39(3):160-168.   Published online September 23, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.24.127
  • 3,560 View
  • 54 Download
  • 1 Citations
Abstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Traditional hyperthermia involves increasing the temperature at the tumor site to above 39 ℃, inducing death in cancer cells. Although hyperthermia is an effective cancer treatment, its clinical application has decreased due to potential complications, including damage to surrounding normal tissue. In recent years, modulated electro-hyperthermia (mEHT) has emerged as an effective and safe treatment modality. mEHT selectively heats tumor cells to 42–43 °C, while reducing the average temperature in the treatment area, including the surrounding normal tissue, compared to conventional methods. Additionally, mEHT may be used in combination with systemic chemotherapy and radiation therapy in tumor treatment, providing a synergistic effect to increase efficacy. As chemotherapy and radiation therapy technologies advance, the application of combined mEHT may improve clinical outcomes. In this study, we review and discuss reports on the clinical outcomes of mEHT combined with chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy, which are established anticancer treatments.

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  • Advances and applications of hyperthermia in tumor therapy: Mechanisms, techniques, and clinical integration
    Cuihua Gu, Jinzhong Zhang, Wenhua Gao, Jisong Wang, Kun Mou, Xuequn Zhang, Jiude Qi
    International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer.2025; 164: 108895.     CrossRef

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