Kosin Medical Journal

From articles published since 2023.

Review article

Prevention of myopia progression using orthokeratology: Stephanie Suzanne S. Garcia, Changzoo Kim; Kosin Med J. 2023;38(4):231-240. Published online December 26, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.23.141

5,121 View
149 Download
1 Citations

The prevalence of myopia in children and juveniles has increased significantly in Korea and worldwide; in particular, the rates of myopia and high myopia in East Asia have grown rapidly. Myopia is easily corrected with spectacles or contact lenses. However, as children grow and mature, myopia can progress irreversibly and lead to vision-threatening complications. Thus, the prevention of myopia progression is an essential treatment goal. Many treatment strategies are being employed, including atropine eyedrops, specialized glasses, and orthokeratology (Ortho-K) lenses. Ortho-K is an effective treatment in managing myopia progression by lowering the rate of increase in refractive error and axial length. In this article, we review Ortho-K as a treatment for myopia progression, its history, mechanism, treatment regimen, and safety profile.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Macular Buckling for Myopic Traction Maculopathy: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Hashem Abu Serhan, Abdullah Ahmed, Mahrukh Chaudhry, Zain Ali Nadeem, Fakiha Ahmed, Usama Hussain Kamal, Ameen Alkhateeb, Ayman G. Elnahry
American Journal of Ophthalmology.2025; 270: 25. CrossRef

Original article

Troponin I and D-dimer levels as triaging biomarkers to distinguish acute pulmonary thromboembolism from myocardial infarction: Soo-Jin Kim, Moo Hyun Kim, Kwang Min Lee, Jin Woo Lee, Young Shin Cha, Da Eun Koh, Joo Yeong Hwang, Jong Sung Park; Kosin Med J. 2023;38(4):252-258. Published online December 20, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.23.133

3,312 View
34 Download
1 Citations

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Background
Acute pulmonary thromboembolism (APTE) is often confused with myocardial infarction. Previous studies have shown that patients with APTE exhibit lower initial and peak cardiac troponin I (CTI) levels, but higher D-dimer (DD) levels, than patients with myocardial infarction. The present study aimed to reaffirm the tree model algorithm using an entirely new set of data.
Methods
We reviewed retrospective clinical and laboratory data from patients who were diagnosed with APTE or non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) between 2015 and 2016. Subjects who were not classified with a diagnosis or did not have their CTI or DD levels assessed were excluded. We categorized patients according to the previous algorithm and compared the outcomes with the previous test dataset.
Results
The analysis involved data from 156 patients with APTE and 363 patients with NSTEMI. In the validation data set, the APTE group showed higher initial DD levels (9.80±10.84 μg/mL) and lower initial CTI levels (0.17±0.54 μg/mL) than the NSTEMI group. The accuracy rate for the test dataset and the validation set were similar. The test set accuracy rate was 91.0%, while the accuracy rate in the validation set improved to 88.6%.
Conclusions
Patients with APTE exhibited lower initial and peak CTI levels, but higher DD levels than NSTEMI patients. The accuracy rate estimates were similar between the test set obtained from the tree model algorithm and the validation set. The study findings demonstrate that the assessment of cardiac biomarkers can be useful for differentiating between APTE and NSTEMI.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

The old biomarkers you know are still useful: D-dimer and troponin I
Sanghyun Lee
Kosin Medical Journal.2023; 38(4): 229. CrossRef

Review articles

Do we need Moodle in medical education? A review of its impact and utility: Seri Jeong, Hyunyong Hwang; Kosin Med J. 2023;38(3):159-168. Published online September 22, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.23.139

4,940 View
141 Download
3 Citations

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Various learning management systems (LMSs) are available to facilitate the development, management, and distribution of digital resources for both face-to-face and online instruction. In recent decades, these methods have shown potential for greater efficiency compared to traditional "chalk and talk" approaches. Additionally, they have paved the way for the establishment of ubiquitous learning environments, marking a new era in education. In a trend accelerated by the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, LMSs have been increasingly adopted to overcome the restrictions inherent to in-person education. In medical education, LMSs such as Moodle, Canvas, Blackboard Learn, and others have been introduced and used to support teaching, learning, and assessment activities. Of these, Moodle stands out as the most popular choice for many medical schools and institutions, primarily due to its flexibility, functionality, and user-friendliness. The learning environment is gradually transforming from traditional in-person teaching to a hybrid educational approach, driven by the need to fulfill diverse educational demands. Numerous research studies have examined the usability of Moodle in medical education, demonstrating its effectiveness in addressing challenges related to adaptive personalized learning, collaborative learning, blended learning, and more. Consequently, Moodle has emerged as a valuable solution for medical educators seeking a versatile and robust platform to enhance their teaching methodologies. The present review focuses on the practical utilization of Moodle in medical education and the advantages it offers to this field.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Exploring structural equations modelling on the use of modified UTAUT model for evaluating online learning
Stephen Gbenga Fashoto, Yinusa Akintoye Faremi, Elliot Mbunge, Olumide Owolabi
Educational Technology Quarterly.2024; 2024(3): 319. CrossRef
Looking Back on Digital Medical Education Over the Last 25 Years and Looking to the Future: Narrative Review
Oluwadamilola Ogundiya, Thahmina Jasmine Rahman, Ioan Valnarov-Boulter, Tim Michael Young
Journal of Medical Internet Research.2024; 26: e60312. CrossRef
The effectiveness of Moodle's “Lesson” feature in pre-learning about arterial puncture and blood transfusion procedures
Haeyoung Lee, Sang-Shin Lee, Hyunyong Hwang
Kosin Medical Journal.2023; 38(4): 278. CrossRef

Polycystic liver disease: an overview of clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment: Joonho Jeong, Hyun Joon Park; Kosin Med J. 2023;38(2):75-86. Published online June 28, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.23.128

5,594 View
176 Download
1 Citations

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Polycystic liver disease (PLD) is a hereditary disease characterized by the presence of 20 or more liver cysts. It is classified into three types: isolated autosomal dominant PLD, PLD with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, and PLD with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease. Genetic alterations, ciliary dysfunction of the biliary epithelial cells, and aberrant cell signaling pathways are the main factors contributing to the pathophysiology of PLD; however, other complicated mechanisms are also involved. The Gigot and Schnelldorfer classifications are widely used in clinical practice. Most patients with PLD are asymptomatic; however, a few patients with advanced-stage disease may develop symptoms and complications that impair their quality of life and require treatment. The known treatment options for PLD are somatostatin analogues, aspiration with sclerotherapy, fenestration, hepatic resection, and liver transplantation. Although liver transplantation remains the only curative treatment for PLD, medical therapies are gradually being developed with the increasing knowledge of the disease’s pathophysiology. This review focuses on the clinical manifestations and diagnosis of PLD, as well as treatment strategies, to support clinicians regarding the clinical management of the disease.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Predicting Safe Liver Resection Volume for Major Hepatectomy Using Artificial Intelligence
Chol Min Kang, Hyung June Ku, Hyung Hwan Moon, Seong-Eun Kim, Ji Hoon Jo, Young Il Choi, Dong Hoon Shin
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(2): 381. CrossRef

Fat embolism syndrome: a review in cosmetic surgery: Hongil Kim, Bommie Florence Seo, Gregory Randolph Dean Evans; Kosin Med J. 2024;39(3):169-178. Published online September 25, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.24.126

1,116 View
34 Download

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: The growing popularity of cosmetic procedures such as liposuction and fat grafting has been accompanied by a rise in associated side effects. Among these, fat embolism syndrome stands out as a potential complication that sometimes has critical consequences. It is important to recognize that fat embolism affects organs through distinct mechanisms from those involved with other types of embolisms. Early diagnosis is crucial. Unfortunately, no effective treatments have been established for this condition. Therefore, starting with a more detailed categorization of diagnoses, developing new treatment methods for each subtype is essential.

Original article

Clinical outcomes of prostate artery embolization for management of benign prostate hyperplasia (prostate larger than 100 mL) with or without hematuria: Soodong Kim; Kosin Med J. 2023;38(4):259-266. Published online November 7, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.23.122

2,032 View
21 Download

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Background
In this study, we report 1-year follow-up clinical results of prostate artery embolization (PAE) in patients with glandular hematuria or acute urinary retention caused by a large prostate (over 100 mL).
Methods
Twenty-one consecutive patients undergoing PAE from March 2018 to July 2020 were included in this retrospective study. Clinical follow-up was conducted for all patients 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the procedure. The outcome measures included the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), quality of life (QoL), peak urinary flow rate (Qmax), post-void residual (PVR), prostate volume, prostate-specific antigen, and complications. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
Twenty-one patients with severe benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with acute urinary retention or prostatic hematuria were enrolled in this study. Technical success rate was 90.5% (19/21), and unilateral PAE was done in 2/21 (9.5%) patients by pelvic vascular obliteration. In all patients, the mean IPSS, QoL score, Qmax, and PVR were significantly improved at 12 months post-PAE. The mean IPSS decreased from 26.1 to 12.1 points (p<0.05), mean QoL score decreased from 4.6 to 2.9 points (p<0.05), mean Qmax increased from 2.1 to 9.4 mL/s (p<0.05), and mean PVR decreased from 300.0 to 70.7 mL (p<0.05). The catheter was successfully removed from 19/21 patients and clinical success rate was 90.5%.
Conclusions
PAE was an effective and safe treatment option for patients with BPH and very large prostates (>100 mL) and urinary retention or gross hematuria associated with BPH in men unfit for surgery.

Review article

Faculty development: the need to ensure educational excellence and health care quality: Hyekyung Shin, Min-Jeong Kim; Kosin Med J. 2023;38(1):4-11. Published online March 27, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.23.109

3,421 View
146 Download
2 Citations

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

The definition of faculty development has been refined and expanded over the past few decades, and various definitions have been used in higher education. Initially, faculty development was defined as activities that help teachers improve teaching skills, design better curricula, and improve the organizational environment for education. Since then, as the focus of faculty development has shifted from individual professors to institutional needs, faculty development is now defined as the personal and professional development of professors, clinicians, researchers, and managers to meet institutional goals, visions, and missions in social terms and moral responsibility to the community. Faculty development in medical education is universally needed to recognize and cope with widespread changes in education, including the traditional role of professors, advances in pedagogical theory, changes in learning styles, innovative curriculum models, and evaluation philosophy. However, critics have pointed out that most universities could not actively implement faculty development or accept professors’ various demands. In this paper, various reports related to faculty development are reviewed to summarize how faculty development has progressed and present future directions for accepting various opinions to improve educational excellence and the quality of health care.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Needs and gaps of faculty development for medical schools
Ji Hyun Im, Wha Sun Kang, Seung Hee Lee, Dae Chul Jeong, Dae Hyun Kim, Man-Sup Lim, Miran Kim, Ji-Hyun Seo, Dong Hyeon Lee
Korean Journal of Medical Education.2024; 36(2): 189. CrossRef
Current status and challenges of faculty development in Korean medical education and strategies for advancement
Dong Hyeon Lee
Korean Journal of Medical Education.2024; 36(4): 415. CrossRef

Original article

Comparison of the prevalence and histology between primary benign bladder tumors and recurrent benign lesions after transurethral resection of malignant bladder tumors: Jae Jin Baek, Yong Deuk Seo, Dong Ha Kim, Won Tae Seo, Su Hwan Kang, Taek Sang Kim, Bong Kwon Chun; Kosin Med J. 2023;38(1):43-49. Published online February 17, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.22.133

2,804 View
54 Download

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Background
Benign bladder tumors are rare disease entities, and insufficient studies have assessed their epidemiological characteristics. The authors investigated the prevalence of benign bladder tumors by retrospectively investigating pathology reports of transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) procedures over the past 20 years.
Methods
We analyzed 1,674 pathology reports of TURBT conducted in 1,160 patients from January 1, 2000, to April 30, 2022. The prevalence of benign tumors and histological classification according to the presence of primary (group 1) and recurrent (group 2) bladder lesions were retrospectively investigated.
Results
The mean age of patients was 65.2±11.5 years, and 1,284 cases (79.1%) were in men. Benign bladder tumors comprised 278 cases (248 patients) accounting for about 17.1% of the total TURBT cases (278/1,624). Furthermore, 184 patients (16.0%, 184/1,147) belonged to group 1 and 78 patients (27.4%, 78/285) belonged to group 2. Among all benign lesions that underwent TURBT, cystitis was the most common (41.0%, 114/278), and this rate was higher in group 2 (64/184 [34.8%] vs. 50/94 [53.2%], p<0.001). The prevalence of non-neoplastic lesions was higher in group 1 (44/184 [23.9] vs. 11/94 [11.7%], p<0.001). There was no difference in the prevalence of noninvasive urothelial neoplasms between the two groups (22/184 [12.0%] vs. 8/94 [8.5%], p=0.86).
Conclusions
The probability of benign lesions in TURBT was 17.1%, among which cystitis was the most common. When TURBT was performed for recurrent lesions, the frequency of benign tumors was higher than that of primary benign bladder tumors.

Review articles

The ethics of using artificial intelligence in medical research: Shinae Yu, Sang-Shin Lee, Hyunyong Hwang; Kosin Med J. 2024;39(4):229-237. Published online December 6, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.24.140

682 View
22 Download

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies into medical research introduces significant ethical challenges that necessitate the strengthening of ethical frameworks. This review highlights the issues of privacy, bias, accountability, informed consent, and regulatory compliance as central concerns. AI systems, particularly in medical research, may compromise patient data privacy, perpetuate biases if they are trained on nondiverse datasets, and obscure accountability owing to their “black box” nature. Furthermore, the complexity of the role of AI may affect patients’ informed consent, as they may not fully grasp the extent of AI involvement in their care. Compliance with regulations such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act and General Data Protection Regulation is essential, as they address liability in cases of AI errors. This review advocates a balanced approach to AI autonomy in clinical decisions, the rigorous validation of AI systems, ongoing monitoring, and robust data governance. Engaging diverse stakeholders is crucial for aligning AI development with ethical norms and addressing practical clinical needs. Ultimately, the proactive management of AI’s ethical implications is vital to ensure that its integration into healthcare improves patient outcomes without compromising ethical integrity.

Basic knowledge of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: Jung Wook Lee; Kosin Med J. 2023;38(4):241-251. Published online December 26, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.23.151

2,104 View
78 Download

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) was first performed in the late 1960s. Due to advancements in instruments, devices, and techniques, ERCP has played an important role in the management and diagnosis of pancreatobiliary disorders. However, ERCP is accompanied by the risk of various complications even if performed by an expert. The incidence of ERCP complications is approximately 4% to 10%, while the incidence of fatal complications, such as death, is less than 0.5%. To prevent adverse events, experts performing ERCP must recognize and address ERCP-related complications and understand the various techniques. In this review, we summarize the complications and techniques of ERCP.

Current understanding of modulated electro-hyperthermia in cancer treatment: Sungmin Kim, Jesang Yu, Jihun Kang, Yunkyung Kim, Taek Yong Ko; Kosin Med J. 2024;39(3):160-168. Published online September 23, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.24.127

819 View
28 Download

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Traditional hyperthermia involves increasing the temperature at the tumor site to above 39 ℃, inducing death in cancer cells. Although hyperthermia is an effective cancer treatment, its clinical application has decreased due to potential complications, including damage to surrounding normal tissue. In recent years, modulated electro-hyperthermia (mEHT) has emerged as an effective and safe treatment modality. mEHT selectively heats tumor cells to 42–43 °C, while reducing the average temperature in the treatment area, including the surrounding normal tissue, compared to conventional methods. Additionally, mEHT may be used in combination with systemic chemotherapy and radiation therapy in tumor treatment, providing a synergistic effect to increase efficacy. As chemotherapy and radiation therapy technologies advance, the application of combined mEHT may improve clinical outcomes. In this study, we review and discuss reports on the clinical outcomes of mEHT combined with chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy, which are established anticancer treatments.

Original articles

Clinical efficacy and safety of autologous serum intramuscular injection in patients with mild-to-moderate atopic dermatitis: a prospective, open-label, uncontrolled study: Gil-Soon Choi, Jong Bin Park, Young-Ho Kim, Hee-Kyoo Kim; Kosin Med J. 2024;39(1):51-59. Published online March 19, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.24.101

2,496 View
31 Download
1 Citations

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Background
Autologous blood therapy (ABT) has been used to treat atopic dermatitis (AD) for over a century, even though evidence supporting its efficacy is lacking. We aimed to investigate the effectiveness and safety of autologous serum intramuscular injection (ASIM), which is a modified form of ABT, in treating mild-to-moderate AD.
Methods
This study was a 12-week, open-label, prospective, uncontrolled trial. Following a 4-week run-in period, 22 out of 25 screened patients received ASIM once a week for 4 weeks in conjunction with standard treatment. The primary outcome measure was the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI), while the secondary outcomes included the Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) score, Dermatologic Life Quality Index (DLQI), and patient ratings of pruritus, sleep difficulty, disease status, and treatment effectiveness. Safety parameters were also assessed.
Results
EASI scores showed a non-statistically significant trend toward improvement during ASIM intervention. Patients with at least a 50% improvement in the EASI score at 4 weeks were older and had lower peripheral eosinophil counts (p<0.05). Secondary endpoints, including the SCORAD score, pruritus, sleep difficulty, and DLQI, demonstrated statistically significant improvements at week 4 compared to baseline (p<0.05). No significant adverse reactions were observed.
Conclusions
This pioneering study suggests that repeated ASIM may improve the clinical symptoms of mild-to-moderate AD, particularly in terms of pruritus and overall quality of life. However, further research with a larger sample size is required to establish the clinical significance of these findings.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

What are the clinical usefulness and scientific value of intramuscular injection of autologous serum (autologous serum therapy) in patients with atopic dermatitis?
Dong-Ho Nahm
Kosin Medical Journal.2024; 39(1): 1. CrossRef

Orbital complications of acute rhinosinusitis in adults: a 21-year experience: Yung Jin Jeon, Woohyen Jin, Yeon-Hee Joo, Hyun-Jin Cho, Sang-Wook Kim; Kosin Med J. 2024;39(2):120-126. Published online June 4, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.24.111

1,497 View
36 Download

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Background
Orbital complications arising from acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) are a major concern for clinicians and serve as important warning indicators of ARS. Prompt recognition and appropriate management are crucial for preventing potential vision-threatening sequelae. Orbital complications of rhinosinusitis are markedly more common in children than in adults. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of orbital complications of ARS in adult patients.
Methods
This retrospective observational cohort study analyzed the medical records of 176 patients admitted for orbital cellulitis/abscess (ICD code: H050) who underwent orbit or paranasal computed tomography from January 2001 to February 2022 at a tertiary hospital.
Results
Eighteen adults with a mean age of 53.2±18.9 years were diagnosed with orbital complications due to ARS: five (27.8%) had preseptal cellulitis, eight (44.4%) had orbital cellulitis, and five (27.8%) had subperiosteal orbital abscess. None of the patients had an orbital abscess or cavernous sinus thrombosis. All patients had unilateral orbital complications (7 right and 11 left) and were managed with intravenous antibiotics for an average of 10.3±6.6 days. Five patients with subperiosteal orbital abscesses underwent intranasal endoscopic drainage at an average of 1.4±1.9 days after admission, while two patients required additional external drainage. Complete recovery was observed in all patients.
Conclusions
Conservative antimicrobial therapy can be effective for treating orbital complications from ARS, and not all adult patients require immediate surgical intervention for subperiosteal abscesses. Nonetheless, careful monitoring is essential, and an ophthalmologist must check patients’ visual acuity to prevent irreversible blindness.

Capsule endoscopy in Kazakhstan: a multicenter clinical experience: Sang Jun Sohn, Kanat Batyrbekov, Ainura Galiakbarova, Laura Yerdaliyeva, Jamilya Kaibullayeva, Jeongwoo Ju, Haejin Lee, Yeoun Joo Lee; Kosin Med J. 2024;39(3):179-185. Published online July 26, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.24.116

889 View
31 Download
1 Citations

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Background
By analyzing small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) performed in two large hospitals in Kazakhstan, we aimed to explore the characteristics of patients representative of Central Asia and the technical characteristics of SBCE.
Methods
SBCE cases were retrospectively analyzed. A descriptive analysis was conducted on the patients’ demographic data, diagnosis, and clinical symptoms. The results of SBCE, such as the lesions found, transit time and retention rate in the stomach and small bowel, and bowel visualization quality, were analyzed. Complications related to SBCE were investigated.
Results
SBCE was performed in 123 patients. Abdominal pain (81.3%) and chronic diarrhea (66.7%) were the most common symptoms, followed by weight loss (25.2%) and gastrointestinal bleeding (15.4%). The most common disease was Crohn’s disease (52.0%). Definite lesions, such as ulcers, polyps, and bleeding, were identified in 55.3% of patients. SBCE was successfully completed in all cases except for 11 (9.1%). The average small bowel transit time was 4 hours and 28 minutes. Excellent visualization (>75% of mucosa) was reported in 82.5% of patients. No patients experienced complications.
Conclusions
SBCE performed in Kazakhstan showed a high diagnostic yield with high-quality patient selection and no complications.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Exploring the impact of capsule endoscopy in Kazakhstan: a significant milestone
Jong Yoon Lee
Kosin Medical Journal.2024; 39(3): 151. CrossRef

Review article

Bone-modifying agents for bone metastasis in patients with breast cancer: Lee Chun Park, Eun Mi Lee; Kosin Med J. 2024;39(2):83-88. Published online June 28, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.24.121

1,468 View
44 Download

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: The bone is the most common location of breast cancer metastasis. Bone metastasis causes pain and skeletal-related events (SREs), and affects the quality of life and survival of breast cancer patients. Bone-modifying agents, including bisphosphonates and denosumab, reduce the risk of SREs in these patients. Among bisphosphonates, zoledronic acid is preferred due to its higher efficacy. Denosumab is marginally more effective than zoledronic acid in reducing the frequency of SREs. Patients with renal impairment should receive zoledronic acid with caution due to nephrotoxicity, and denosumab is an alternative option in these patients. Osteonecrosis of the jaw is a rare but severe complication of both zoledronic acid and denosumab, and all patients should undergo dental examinations before and during treatment. Although these drugs can reduce the risk of SREs in bone metastasis, no significant improvement in survival has been noted. This study reviews the effects and adverse events of bone-modifying agents for the treatment of bone metastasis from breast cancer.

First
Prev
Page of 6
Next
Last

Most viewed articles