Kosin Medical Journal

The effects of rebamipide, sucralfate, and rifaximin against inflammation and apoptosis in radiation-induced murine intestinal injury: Won Moon, Sangwook Lim, Yeonsoon Jung, Yuk Moon Heo, Seun Ja Park, Moo In Park, Sung Eun Kim, Jae Hyun Kim, Kyoungwon Jung; Kosin Med J. 2022;37(4):320-341. Published online December 26, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.22.140

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Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Background
Radiotherapy improves overall survival in patients with abdominopelvic malignancies. However, the toxic effects of radiation restrict the maximum dose that can be given, and there are no well-established preventive or therapeutic strategies. This study was conducted to evaluate whether rebamipide, sucralfate, and rifaximin have a suppressive effect on acute ionizing radiation (IR)-induced inflammation in the intestines of mice.
Methods
Thirty-six ICR mice were divided into a vehicle-treated group with sham irradiation; a vehicle-treated group with irradiation; rebamipide, sucralfate, or rifaximin-treated groups with irradiation; and a rebamipide-treated group with sham irradiation. The expression of proinflammatory, anti-inflammatory, proapoptotic, and antiapoptotic factors was investigated.
Results
The downregulated expression of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase by IR was attenuated by all drugs (p<0.05). All drugs suppressed the IR-induced activation of NF-κB and phosphorylation of MAPKs (p<0.05) and attenuated the production of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in response to IR (p<0.05). The administration of all drugs markedly attenuated IR-induced increases in iNOS, COX-2, and PGE2 (p<0.05), as well as [Ca2+] oscillations that were increased by IR. The expression of proapoptotic genes and antiapoptotic genes was suppressed and induced, respectively, by all drugs. IR treatment increased the release of cytochrome C, which was attenuated by all drugs (p<0.05). All drug treatments resulted in a significant decrease in the expression of caspase-3 and caspase-7 (p<0.05), which were both upregulated following IR treatment.
Conclusions
The administration of rebamipide, sucralfate, or rifaximin prior to radiation therapy may prevent or attenuate acute radiation-induced enterocolitis.

Comparison of the radiation dose between dual-acquisition coronary computed tomography angiography and coronary angiography for coronary spasm: Soo-Jin Kim, Moo Hyun Kim, Eun-Ju Kang; Kosin Med J. 2022;37(1):46-51. Published online March 16, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.21.035

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Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Background
Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) is an imaging technique that can be used to evaluate and diagnose coronary artery stenosis. Dual-acquisition CCTA (DA-CCTA) with additional nitrate infusion is a promising alternative noninvasive diagnostic tool, as conventional CCTA has limitations in the diagnosis of variant angina compared to conventional angiographic coronary spasm tests. However, DA-CCTA may pose a potential risk due to radiation exposure. We compared the radiation dose between DA-CCTA and the coronary angiographic spasm provocation test.
Methods
Patients with clinically suspected variant angina at a single hospital between March 2013 and October 2018 were screened and underwent DA-CCTA or a coronary angiographic spasm provocation test. The effective radiation dose required for each approach was compared.
Results
In total, 211 suspected variant angina patients underwent DA-CCTA or the coronary angiographic spasm provocation test. Of these, 49 patients (mean age, 59.8 years; 67.3% men) received DA-CCTA and 162 patients (mean age, 60.5 years; 66.2% men) received a coronary angiographic spasm provocation test. There was a significant difference in the effective radiation dose, with a median dose of 5.1 mSv (interquartile range [IQR], 4.1–9.2 mSv) required for DA-CCTA and a median dose of 10.9 mSv (IQR, 8.4–15.2 mSv) for the coronary angiographic spasm provocation test (p<0.001).
Conclusion
DA-CCTA showed a significantly lower effective radiation dose than the coronary angiographic spasm provocation test required to diagnose variant angina.

A Case of Rectal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Mistaken for Rectal Adenocarcinoma: Jung Ik Park, Ung Seok Yang, Sung Won Moon, Oun Ouk Nam, Hyo Jong Kim, Jeong Seok Lee, San Gyu Oh; Kosin Med J. 2014;29(2):157-160. Published online December 18, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.2014.29.2.157

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Abstract PDF PubReader: Abstract
We report a case of anal squamous cell carcinoma extended to the rectal mucosa that was clinically mistaken for rectal adenocarcinoma and literature reviwed. Sigmoidoscopic finding showed spherical shaped elevated lesion with central ulceration, interpreted as rectal adenocarcinoma in the distal portion of rectum. Anal squamous cell carcinoma is very rare among gastrointestinal cancer. Pathological study of the biopsy specimen demonstrated squamous cell carcinoma and normal rectal glands. Sigmoidoscopic finding of the presented case showed the ulcerarive lesion contineuosly extended from anal verge upward to the rectum. We postulate that the presented case is primarilly originated from the anal squamous cell carcinoma extended proximally to the rectum. Immunohistochemical stain(p-63) of the biopsy specimens showed squamous cell carcinoma. This patient has been completely recovered after treartment of chemoradiation and trans-anal excision. We present a case of anal squamous cell carcinoma invading rectal mucosa clinically mistaken for rectal adenocarcinoma and literature reviewed.

Treatment of Acute Myocardial Infarction in a Patient with Deformed Chest Wall After Radiation Therapy: Kang Joo Choi; Kosin Med J. 2008;23(3):111-113. Published online September 30, 2008

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In Conventional Imaging Study Adequate for the Patient Selection of Preoperative Chemoradiation?: Byung Kwon Ahn; Kosin Med J. 2007;22(1):196-200. Published online June 30, 2007

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Ar⁺ irradiation effect on the change of microstructure and the silicide formation temperature of the ion beam mixed Pd-silicide: Sookil Kim; The Journal of Kosin Medical College. 1994;10(1):7-17.

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Usefulness of Cryosurgery on Recurrent or Persistent Prostatic Cancer After Radiation Therapy: Hyun Yul Rhew, Chang Kyu Lee, Andrew C. von Eschenbach; The Journal of Kosin Medical College. 1996;11(1-2):39-48.

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Histomorphological Effects of Extracorporeal Irradiation on Autografted Cortical Bone of Femur in Rabbits: Jae Do Kim, On Lim, Sok Jin Sa; Kosin Med J. 1999;14(1-2):11-20.

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Effect of Oxygenation on Radiation-Induced Apoptosis of Human Osteosarcoma Cell Line (Saos-2): Jae Do Kim, Gu Hee Jung, Jung Hwan Son, Jung Ho Park, Jae Ho Jang, Young Ho Kwon, Myung Rae Cho, So Hak Jung; Kosin Med J. 2001;16(1):54-61.

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Thyroid Dose During Thoracic Irradiation in Lung Cancer: Sookil Kim; Kosin Med J. 2006;21(1):256-259.

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