Kosin Medical Journal

Clinical features of coronavirus disease 2019 in Korean pediatric patients: a single-center retrospective study: Ji Eun Jeong, Hai Lee Chung, Young Hwan Kim, Nawon Lee, Younghyun Kim, Yoon Young Jang; Kosin Med J. 2024;39(2):99-111. Published online June 10, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.24.106

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Background
To address the public’s fear of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), understanding the clinical features of the disease is essential. However, research on the clinical features of COVID-19, including illness duration and post-acute COVID-19, in Korean pediatric patients has been limited. Therefore, this study investigated the clinical features of COVID-19 based on the medical records of pediatric patients with a history of COVID-19 who visited a single center.
Methods
In total, 311 patients were included in this study. The presence and duration of 19 symptoms were examined. Additionally, clinical features were investigated by dividing the patients into different age ranges. Patients aged 6 and above were further categorized according to the presence of asthma, while adolescent patients were divided into vaccinated and unvaccinated groups.
Results
Fever and cough were the most common symptoms. The mean illness duration was 2–4 days. Only 3.5% of the patients were asymptomatic. Post-acute COVID-19 was observed in 13.2% of the patients. The incidence of most symptoms tended to increase with age. Post-acute COVID-19 was observed more frequently in patients with asthma than in those without asthma. Vaccinated patients experienced less fever, vomiting, and fatigue than unvaccinated patients.
Conclusions
Our data suggest that most patients had mild disease lasting less than a week, and the clinical course may differ depending on the presence of asthma. The findings also indicate that vaccination may alleviate the symptoms of COVID-19 in breakthrough infections.

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Coronavirus disease 2019 infection in pediatric patients in Korea: insights and implications
Yu Jin Jung
Kosin Medical Journal.2024; 39(2): 81. CrossRef

Safety issues regarding melatonin use in child and adolescent patients with sleep problems: Eunsoo Moon, Jung Hyun Lee; Kosin Med J. 2022;37(4):264-270. Published online December 23, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.22.142

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Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Several studies have reported that melatonin may be effective in treating sleep problems in children and adolescents. However, evidence regarding the safety of melatonin use in children and adolescents in their growth and developmental stages is warranted. Therefore, we aimed to summarize the literature on the safety of melatonin use in children and adolescents with insomnia and sleep disturbances. According to existing evidence, there are no serious adverse effects of long-term melatonin use in children and adolescents. The common adverse effects reported in long-term studies are fatigue, somnolence, and mood swings. In addition, there is no evidence that long-term use of melatonin inhibits the natural secretion of melatonin. It is necessary to monitor potential drug interactions with medications such as inhibitors and enhancers of cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2). Furthermore, low CYP1A2 expression in young children requires proper dose adjustment. Although sufficient experience of melatonin use in children and adolescents has yet to be attained, accumulating evidence suggests that the use of melatonin in children and adolescents with sleep problems might be effective and tolerable. Considering the abuse or overdose risk of hypnotics or benzodiazepines, melatonin supplements may be a good therapeutic alternative. Future studies on the long-term safety of melatonin for physiological and mental function in children and adolescents are required to establish certainty about melatonin use in children and adolescents.

Growth Assessment of Children and Adolescents Complaining of Short Stature: Jung Hyun Lee; Kosin Med J. 2008;23(3):42-48. Published online September 30, 2008

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A Case Report of Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis Associated with Hypothyroidism and Hypogonadism: Jae Do Kim, Jae Chang Lee, Jeong Ho Park; The Journal of Kosin Medical College. 1991;7(1):87-94.

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The relationship between adolescents' permissiveness on moral transgressions and mental health: Young Kum Yoo, Geon-Ho Bahn, Sang Yoon Kim; The Journal of Kosin Medical College. 1996;11(1-2):85-94.

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Self-Concept and Related factors of the Cerebral Palsied Adolescents: Myung Hwa Lee, Hee Sook Hong; Kosin Med J. 2002;17(1):122-136.

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